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Kebbi State

Kebbi State is a state in north-western Nigeria. Its capital is Birnin Kebbi. The state was formed from part of Sokoto State in 1991. The state is bordered by the new Sokoto State, Niger State, and Benin, and has a total land area of 36,800 km².

Kebbi State is divided into 21 local government areas , four emirate councils (Gwandu, Argungu, Yauri and Zuru), and 35 districts.

The 21 LGAs of Kebbi are:

1. Aleiro	12. Kalgo
2. Arewa-Dandi	13. Koko/Besse
3. Argungu	14. Maiyama
4. Augie	15. Ngaski
5. Bagudo	16. Sakaba
6. Birnin-Kebbi	17. Shanga
7. Bunza	18. Suru
8. Dandi	19. Wasagu/ Danko
9. Fakai	20. Yauri
10. Gwandu	21. Zuru
11. Jega	---

Demography

Administrative Areas: In order to bring the government nearer to the people and to facilitate easy administration, Kebbi State is divided into twenty-one local government areas , four emirate councils (Gwandu, Argungu, Yauri and Zuru), and thirty-five districts.

Background

Thousands of hand-pumps were installed to provide safe drinking water to rural communities by various governmental organizations and international developmental organizations. Provision for potable safe drinking water was made in rural areas and communities got relief. Rural drinking water facilities installed during that period served participating communities for couple of years and many of them are inactive currently due to following reasons:

Lack of participatory approach by the participating communities
Lack of awareness on advantages of using hand-pump water in rural communities
Lack of follow-up by the implementing agencies
Absence of skilled hand-pump mechanics and standard tools within the reach of communities
Non-availability of hand-pump spare parts within the easy access to be participating communities to which affects timely repair of broken-down hand-pumps

These resulted to many of the hand-pumps’ non-functionality. Communities keep on suffering for safe and potable water after those rural water sources broke-down. Those communities are currently drinking water from local streams, unlined dug wells and ponds.

In Kebbi, the Ministry of Water Resources and Rural Development and Tulsi Chanrai Foundation developed a program for rehabilitation of non-functional hand-pumps with active community participation.

Strategy

Depending upon the locations, average cost of installation of one standard borehole hand-pump comes to N. 600,000/= to Naira 700,000/= which serves a population of between 400 to 500 persons. Rehabilitation of Rural Hand-pumps Programme emphasizes on effective utilization of available resources. It is cost-effective to rehabilitate minimum 8 to 9 non-functional hand-pumps with equal amount of Naira 700,000/=. The Programme is committed to:

Cost effectiveness and transparency
Community participation and community capacity building
Ensuring portability of drinking water by regular water analysis
Availability of Spare-parts and standard tools with the easy reach of communities
Regular Supervision, monitoring and guidance to communities
Ensuring effective regular two-way communication and feed-back with participating communities

Achievement Since Inception Of the Problem

Tulsi Chanrai Foundation’s Kebbi Water Sources Rehabilitation Programme initiated in 1997-98. Achievement of Programme as on 28-February-2007 is as under:

Fact Box of Water Source Rehabilitation Programme As on 28 February 2007
Hand-pumps Rehabilitated	306
Local Governments Covered	13
Villages Covered	213
Population Benefiting (Approx.)	211, 600
Rate of Functionality (Average )	96%
No. of Sani Centers Operational	08
No. of Rural Youths (Artisans) Trained	597

Process

Extensive community mobilization is involved at various stages of Rural Drinking Water Sources Rehabilitation Programme:

Preliminary survey and data collection
Getting community contribution and active participation in rehabilitation process
Nominating local artisans, such as – bicycle repairer, motorcycle mechanics for training, assigning Hand-pump Caretakers and reactivating/forming WESCOM at every community to ensure sustainability of the water sources and the Programme as well
Raising fund at village level to procure quality hand-pump spare-parts from Sani Centres for future repairs of respective hand-pumps
Cooperating RRM Programme Team in ensuring sanitation and hygiene of hand-pump vicinity

Plan for 2007 - 08

Maintenance of 306 rehabilitated hand-pumps in 13 Local Government Areas
Setting up of 3 new Sani Centers to ensure easy accessibility of genuine hand-pumps spare parts at reasonable price;
Ensuring potability of water by annual water analysis
Refresher Training of local artisans in maintenance of hand-pumps;
Launching a incentive based competition for Best Community, Best Care-taker, Best Artisan and Best Village Head
Supporting innovative community initiated rehabilitation of water sources within Kebbi State

Within the above framework the Programme is committed improve further and to work towards a synergy of different inputs as being necessary for a people-centred development in Kebbi State. The model is ready for its replication in other States of the Federal Republic of Nigeria.

Children taking care of cleanliness of hand-pump surrounding to prevent Water Contamination in one of the remote village under Zuru Local Govt.

Villagers busy in collection drinking water from TCF rehabilitated Hand-pump in Tungar Illo, Koko-Besse LGA

Community in action: Constructing waste-water drainage in Ujario Village. Earlier there water was accumulating in a large-soak-pit close to hand-pump.

Takasab Community Hand-pump under Birnin Kebbi Local Government

First interaction with the community a broken down hand-pump site

Tulsi Chanrai Foundation-Kebbi Water Program Team with Community in action at Village-Koliko under Zuru LGA

Broken-down hand-pump at village Ungwar Garji – Jega Local Government

Rehabilitated hand-pump in use by Community at Village-Tadurga, Zuru LGA